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intermediate level
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Intermediate level materials
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HTML sites with FastAPI: Jinja, static files, and forms
FastAPI can return more than JSON. Jinja2Templates renders HTML, while StaticFiles serves CSS and images. A regular HTML form uses...
Secure file uploads: size, type, names, and storage
Choosing a photo looks simple: the browser sends a file and the server stores it. However, its name, declared type,...
S3-compatible object storage: buckets, keys, and URLs
A regular folder works on one computer. After deployment it is unreliable: a container can be replaced, and several application...
Google GenAI SDK in Python: synchronous and asynchronous calls
The official google-genai package lets Python applications call Gemini without assembling HTTP requests by hand. This guide works for FastAPI...
pathlib: Working with Paths in Python
pathlib is the modern way to work with filesystem paths instead of plain strings.
What is an ORM
ORM (Object-Relational Mapping) is a technology that lets you work with a database through Python objects instead of writing raw...
httpx: A Modern HTTP Client for Python
httpx is a next-generation HTTP client. Its interface is similar to requests, but it supports async/await out of the box.
Typer: CLI Applications Without the Boilerplate
Typer builds CLIs from Python type annotations. No argparse, no manual parsing β just decorators and types.
Pydantic v2: Data Validation in Python
Pydantic validates and converts data through type annotations. It is commonly used in APIs and LLM applications when an external...
asyncio in Python: Asynchronous Programming
asyncio is Python's standard library for asynchronous code. It lets you execute multiple tasks "simultaneously" within a single thread.
JSON Schema: Describing Data Structures
JSON Schema is a standard for describing the structure of JSON. In the Claude API it is used to define...
SQLite in Python: Persistent Memory for Agents
SQLite is a relational database built into Python. It stores data in a single file and requires no server. It...
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